Combined brooder and greenhouse



| SAUVE-f ET Al.

" Aug. 12 1924.

COMBINED BROODER AN) GHEENHOUSE Filed Jan. 2s, 1922 l sheets-sneer 1 32)" Q9 if' y Aug. 12 1924. 1,504,721

L. sAUv .ET AL COMBINED BROODER AND GREENHQUSE 7 Sheets-Sheet'.l 2

Filed Jan. 26, V1922 Aug. 12 1924. 1,5 o4,7z1

f L.. SAUVE ET AL COMBINED noonss AND GREENHOUSE L. sAUv COMBINED BROODER AND GREENHOUSE ET AL Filed Jan 26 1922 7 SheetsSheeft. 4

INVENTQBS Aug ,1

l.. sAUv ET AL COMBINED BBoDEa AND GRENHOUSE" Filed dgn. f2s, 1922 l 7 sheats-shst s Aug. 12 1924. 1,504,721

| sAUv ET AL COMBINED BROODER AND GREENHOUSE Filed Jian. 26, 1922 sheagfsneet c g g o.....,.,.

Aug. 12 1924..-

- L. SAUVE ET AL COMBINED BRGODER AND GREENHOUSE Filed 4311.26. 1922 7 sheets-sheet 7 field C '20. duced` the means chick brooder and the hatching eggs 'which in combined brooder piration as animals not` is with the invention 4Vile eliminate 'the absolute would cause the legs of the chicks to drybup` Patented Aug. 12, 1924.

UNITI-:D STATES L'oN SAUVE, oF RIDGEFELD, CONNECTICUT, AND LUCIEN nnnIN, or NEW vonk,

PATENT OFFICE.

COMBINED nnoonnn AND GRENHOUSE Application led January 26, 1922.

Tb olijf/rom t may concern:

.Be it known that. We, LoN SAUV and LUCIEN RDIN, citizens of the United States, residing, respectively, at Ridgefield` Fairounty, Connecticut, and 19t lVest 26th Street, New York city, New York, have invented certain kmentsin Combined Broeders houses, of which the following and Greenis a specifi- This invention relates to a, combination of broeder and greenhouse and more particularly to one in which the-broeders will reduce to a minimum the loss of baby chicks l5 in raising them.

In accordancewith the invention the hens A Aare'eme'mcised and taken ca're of to such an extent that each-year the maxiinum number of eggs for hatching purposes is proemployed being such that hens do not stop laying.

Usually at the end of the hatching period, with other broeders, considerable losses of sv are sustained.' Many die in the chickens are ruined,

time would develop into owingto the detects causing financial losses, in the brooders.

In accordance with the invention, the

and greenhouse is constructed so thatthe air breathed by baby chicks is the sameas ,that to which chicks are accustomed. The chicks live amongA vegetables and plants in their natural. hered- 35. ltary environment. This natural plant atmosphere has a great influence upon the well being 4of the chicks. Ve etation, we know, has a great influence on t e air and its coniposition. Vegetables have not the-same resthis respiration the same at nightl as during the day. Vegetation absorbs the carbonio acid expelled by the chicks and spreads odors and emanations into the atmosphere. In accordance we maintain and preserve the natural atmosphere and environment of the chicksand maintain the natural temperature, moisture and gas content of the atmosphere in .which the chicks v live.

' dryness which and cripple them. The advantage derived by baby chicks by living alongside flowers ne1 and useful Improve` serial No. 531,932.

and plants, is reciprocal to the plants. Plants absorb carbonio acid which is atmosphere, decompose it, absorbi'n loric energy and transform the car cell structure. By

The heat necessary for the breedingof chicks is also utilized' for the development of plant life. This structure has been cre ated with a. View to permit-ting the chicks to enjoy the beneficial effects of plant moisture produced within its contines. i

This structurehas beenerected in a. sym metrical shape giving both vvegetation and chicks exposure in all directions, i. e. north, south. east and west, and in intermediary directions as well. Y

All acute angles have. been eliminated-a most important feature because of the. Well. known tendency of young chicks under unfavorable temperature to fall hack and pile into small recesses and angles, thus invariably causing fatalities by crushing one another.

The. structure has been planned also with a View to permitting theraising of vegetation in such a way that when the crit-ical chick-raisin period has terminated, the young plantsave become suitable for transplanting into hot beds or into the open when the. incubating season and Weather permit. The structure can be transformed into a. col- 0113r house and later into a layingliouse.

Another important feature in connection with the construction of these houses, its the isolation of one from the other. The advantage of this feature is perhaps most marked and beneficial in the event of epidemics among young chicks. The rave es from this cause by reason ofsaid Aisolation are, by this invention, reduced to a. minimum.

With the same object in mimi a. manner of construction has been provided enabling in the 5,5

one to take it a. wrt and pnt it together again quickly, wi out damage, and to move it from the infected to a clean place and also to disinfect its dierent parts prior to rem- Stallation. v

Another object of the invention is to econoxnize in construction, by standardization. For this reason the component parts of the broeders are as much as possible uniform in sha and size. This is accomplished by 'ng the panels alike except the one used by the door. All boards used are of standard shape -and size,

The structure is neat in appearance, a kind of booth which can be used singly or in groups and which also could be part of an installation de luxe, pleasing to the'eye and at the,same time useful and practical.

The invention is illustrated in the accom; panying drawings in which:

Figure 1 represents the broeder 1n vertical section;

Fig. 2 represents a y'horizontal section of the broeder at the height of the windows;

-Fig. 3 is a detailof the traps or small door placed under each window;

Fig. 4 is a plan of the frame of floor toma demountablc or portable broeder shown at the bottom of the figure;

Fig. 5 represents one-half of the frame'ot the roof;

Fig. 6 shows the assembling in detail of the bolts and cotter pins of the principal wooden parts of the side panels, of thc floor and rootof the broeder; l

Fig. 7 is a detail of the joint of the panels of the roof when covered with metal, zinc, tin or sheet iron;

Fig. 8 is a detail ofthe edge of a window and of the jamb for the window;

Fig. 9 is al general view of a'large number of brooders;

Fig. l0 is a View of a cast iron piece used in the center of the oor to secure and hold to ether the eight triangular sections of the oor;

Fig. 11 is a detail of the cast iron center pieces used for assembling the roof;

Fig. 12- is a plan in horizontal section. of the columnar stand of nests serving to transform the broeder into a laying house;

Fig. 13 is a vertical section of the stand shown in Fig. 12;

Fig. 14 is a detail of a fence or partition for the broeder;

Fig. 1'5 illustrates a door opening into a chicken yard, or connecting one compartment of the yard with another;

Fig. 16 illustrates a vertical, transverse section of the fencing enclosing the yard;

y lFi 17 illustrates a demountable panel for t e fence enclosing the yard;

Fig. 18 illustrates an end panel of the fence; l y V Fig. 19' shows a detail of a hook or clasp,Y

for attaching the wire frames to the,l panel posts; a'

Fig. 20 illustrates a detail of the point of a vertical post for a panel;

Fig. 2l illustrates `details of a vertical tubular post, split in two parts, for the demonntab'le panels;

Fig. shows details of a {lat-plate for holding the vertical tubular post of a panel.

Figf23 is a detail showing l'the means for connecting the frames of the fence.'

In accordance with the invention the floor, vroof and sides are each specially constructed and are built on a unit system. Parts are standard and are interchangeable.

The structure is round or of polygonal shape with enough sides to eliminate sharp corners. Square or triangular floor shapes are not practical because they produce sharp corners. Pentagonal, hexagonal and even seven-sided shapes can be used for small brooders, Iandfor large brooders shapes with numerous sides, such as twelve-sided shapes, can be used.

In the form illustrated the brooder is` octdgonal, with eight sides. It is easier to build and less costly than if of round shape,

and it produces o pen angles so that thebaby chicks therein w11] not`be subjected to the risk of being crushed or smothered by trampling on one another, but will be able to dvcrgc right or left away from the angles.

Means are provided for rapidly assembling the broeder and for taking it apart. The building consists of floor 5, sides 6 and roof T.` In one of the eight sides of the octngon broeder is a door 2. Each of the rrnmining seven sides has a. window 3 and, a trapdoor 4. rl`he floor consists of a double flooring; the boards of one fioor or layer 8 cross the boards of the other floor or layer. The boards are gronred at 10 and between the two floors a sheet of asbestos 50 is laid acting as a noncunductor of heat, thus maintaining an own teinl'icrature. It also prevents moulding as well as ingress of germs from the ground intothe brooder. It is also used in other parts of the building to help tighten :ind to help join the large parts of the frame, ete.

'lhe 'double floor is laid on a frame plan ll according to whether or not the building is stationary or portable. In a stationary ln'ooder there is an ootagonal frame 12; the

angles 13 are assembled and`th`e sl'des 14 are tightened by parallel pieces 15.

Tn the case of the portable broeder,` the floor consists of eight separate panels. The double floors of each panel areset on angular frames, the sides 16 of which radiate from the center and are joined by a halfthickness. joint to the framing 17 which forms the exterior edge of the trian le. In the center of the floor the triangu ar Sectiomslrneetfand` the sides of the frames are '(9) round and fl led withconcrete 22, one for t e center part cially for that sharpened-to enter into thecenter piece '18 with which they all join andA upon which they' rest.

Forthe manufacture of the broeders in large quantities, the block 19 (Fig. 10) is made of cast iron, with .pockets or recesses 20 in which are placed the extremities of the radiating parts 16. This insures 'solidity and expedites the taking apart of the building. i l ,1

The'sides 16 of the er ht triangles composing the .demountable llgoor, are assembled and tightened together by bolts and .Cotter pins 21 (Fig. 6) which tighten them 'on and against each other', after placing a sheet of asbestos 51 in the joint between the two neigllborin si'des 16.

To assern le, the eight triangles are placed upside down, the-flooring ,is placed onv the bottonnand then the door is turned bottom upand placed on its foundation.

' The vfoundation' naturally depends 0n the nature Aoil the soil. It can ,be simply. For instance, it c anibemade upof earthen ipes er tubes sunk in the to rest onand one for each angle. l

The, roof. The r'oof is built in a manner similar to the floor. -It consistsof pieces of wood 23 radiating from a center and on a convenient incline, 24, 25 made up of boards 2(',.\vith tongues and- 'grooves, laid crossingv each other, the tongues and grooves running izn o posite di rectlons in the two floor-ings. A sheet of asbestos 52 is laid between the two Hoor'ings.

Parts.23a1e Icut onthe bias at their ends and laid on the upper edge 27-of the sides and arepreferably cut out as at 28 so that they fit, rest, on and lean against the edges. The extremities 29 of the pieces 23 are set in a cut oropeuing on the outer circumference of the center piece made with a piece of wood forming the center piece 30. A hole in that center piec permits a pipe or chim# ney 31 to go ru. For the roof as turing 'on a large is replaced for the floor in manufacscale, the center art by cast iron part 32 ma e espepurpose (Fig. L1).

'Ihe radiating woo en parts 23 forming the sides of two connecting triangles of the roof, are assembled by bolts with cotter pins 2l, pressing on a sheet of asbestos 51 placed between the joints of the triangles.

Roofing materials of any kind are selected -according to their availability in localities 33 on which are where the broeder is constructed.

For the portable broeder, and when using metallic roofing, four of the eight panels carry on their lateral shaped the sides 34 of the metallic sheet 35 of the roof. The metal Ysheets 36 of-the four other panels are placed made very sides a strip of wood const mction of Vthe' panels, the strip 33 being, 7.0

sufiiciently thick to oll'set the capillarity.

The sides. Between the floor and the roof are the vertical sides forming the prin-- cipal body of the broeders. Each` ouethese sides has a. frame to carry the otherili'V windows, etc. The frame consists of a horizontal -upperj beam 38 fixed on; two lateral uprlghts 239,'-

parts such as the exterior frameo thei- 40 which rest on the edges of the angles of'Y 50 the floor. Two other i down from the upper beam to the floor and,` with two other small horizontal beams .42,-v 42. they frame the window 43.

uprights 41, 41- comel 'The windows are. made with a ledge inclined outward and extending beyond the' edge to prevent rain and water fromcom-H ing in.A They have a fixed frame made off boards 45 and strips 46. The frame 470i the mobile part of the window'v rests against-00 tliestri 46. Y A- A* The rame 47 is divided by cross, horizon? tal and vertical strips 48. 'The fram'e'and1 strips are worked or shaped as at 49andl grooved as at 60, to receive the glass, all of the same dimensions. bile part of thewindow is mounted 'ou'the" fixed part 44 by two hinges 61 with alatch in the center'of the upper part and it opens" .from the top inward, guiding. the outsiddfulll air toward the ceiling instead of ing while yet cold directly` on the "baby"y chicks. i i

descend-Y.

The vWindows are. arranged to open dii'ei." l'

ently one from the other to fulfill' the ob"` jects explained in the preamble; If it rains'," they must be closed on the side where the;` wind blows and where the rain falls.. -If necessary the opposite windows can be;4 opened. At certain hours the sun canbe let in-by .certain windows or a frame with a thin cloth canvas can be placed on Vthe outside of ,the windows,` ing with their opening and closing, to re 4ulatc the admission of light. vDuring t e hot-weather months this canvas can act as a shade and the windows can be removed. Advantage he taken of all the facilities afforded by the polygon shape adopted, with sidesffacjng in all direc ions. l

elow each window isa. trap door or small door with frame 6.3 anda small sliding door 64 which can be opened, or closed at. will, as for instance to let the baby chicks go into any desired compartmentof the yard accordinf'! to the wind or thesun.

0n the side' of the frame are fixed .without interfer- Y G5 are grooved and tightened together, the shingles 66 are leveled and placed to rest que one on the other to throw the rain outside, and are framed in by horizontal and vertical wood pieces 67.

Between the flooring 65 and 66 we place -a Sheet of asbestos. the purpose of which is explained above.

The end iiprglits of the two neighboring sides are brought together by screws with cotter pins 21 QFig. 6) and a washer, which tightens a sheet of asbestos 51 to permit the sides beingtaken apart and put togetherv when the sides are placed in position and.

the seien-s tightened. the whole building including the roof.. and the beams 23 which are notched and which rest on a cross beam 38, is heldsecure and in place; it is unnecessary to use special fasteners, except in localities where great. winds prevail and when exposed to them. Then we can fasten iron angles to the bottom of the uprights and the floor, 39 and 40, and on the pieces 38 'and 23.

Figures 1 and 2 show the door 2 and its frame, the step 69 and the strips`70, 71 against which the door sets end which prevents the outside 4air when too cold from entering directly, thus causing a draft on the baby chicks.

When setting up the brooder., one places between the bottom of the sides and the member 17 or 12, a close wire netting 72,

said netting being placed suiliciently deep to prevent rats or vermin from enteringthe brooder.

Means are provided for heating the brooder. Inthe middle of the brooder on the floor is placed a metal box 73 resting ou a sheet of asbestos 55. This box containing sand isolates the floor` from the heating plant. The heating apparatus may bc of any desired kind. It can be a coal stove like that shown in Fig. l of the drawing, or gas, oil, furnace nr other forms of hentei's may bel used. f

the center ot' the brooder a movable metal cone 59 is laced. In this cone is a door184 thru which the stove can be fed. The cone is movable and can be raised by the use of a string 85 working on pulleys 86, 87. It is counterweighted. It may thus serve to cover the stove or the stand of nests. The chimney 31 leading from the heating plant, if there be one, will pass thru the center hole of the central fixture. Around the chimney a collar 76 is placed which covers another large collar 77. This large collar 77 is set on the roof. Weather va-nes are placed on the chimneyv to'indicate the direction of the windsg The eveingof the collar 77 byv the collar 76 revents snow from entering but it leaves a ittle room for the veryl hot air to escape, which hot air always goes toward the u per angle of the roof when the windows an doors are opened or closed. Whenclosed the fresh air enters by the small o' enings between the strips of the door and the windows.

Means are fprvided for placing plants out of reach of the chicks and for easy installation and removal. 'On each panel or side frame of the windows of the brooder are nailed two strips of woodV 78 and these are fastenedto two wooden legs 79 resting on the `floor. These strips and their legs carry wooden strips 80, 81, 82. Upon said sti-i ps the boxes with plants rest. Whenthe l; :es are removed the strips 80, 82 serve as perches for the fowls. When taking the brooder apart, a set df strips corresponds to a panel, and goes with it. For this reason the stri s 81 may have any length and must extend beyond the angle, or junction I between adjacent strips (see Fig. 2).

The plant boxes 83 rest around the brooder except in the `door opening. They are low and far enough from the windowse so as not to prevent their opening and cls- ,Y

ing. These boxes hold earth and seeds, flowers, and vegetables are sown therein and watered. This gives to theatmosphere, as hasbeen said, the humidity, moisture and eiiluvia necessary to the health of the baby chicks and improves the air by inhalation.

The temperature and atmosphere are similar to a hot house. y The plants are placed high enough so as not 'to be interfered with by the chicks: and when developed are transplanted into the open.

After the chicks have grown to pullet size, the plant boxes are taken from the brooder and the. strip supporting them becomes the perches. The brooder becomesv a colony house. Later on it is changed into a laying house. For the lastmamed purpose a stand pf nests is provided, which will' be described ater.

About ten or twelve days after the baby chicks' have gone fro'm the incubators to the brooder itis necessary whenever the weather pei-mits, to let them go out into the open air in the yards. depending upon the sun or wind. etc. For this purpose trap doors are provided. A

A small board 88 is placed against the legs 79 and makes itifeasible to place as s on the floor intowhich oats are mixed 'or placed. The mixture is then watered to cause germination for the same purpose and effecty as the plants which are placed in the boxes, i. e. to produce humidity and eliluvia in the atmosphere and to make 'fresh greens available and handy for feeding purposes.

As the chicks grow, the obstacle furnished by board 88 is increased by adding to it recultivated, and can higher. This `otherflon itudinal alley sufficiently -deep to prevent freezing.

movable wire netting stretched on wooda frames.

It it is desired to raise several hat-chings of different breeds of' chickens or other poul' try,.in the same broeder, we place if-necessary thin wire screens on ight frames -with rounded ends 90 in oneY or more of the veight directions-radiating from the center to the edges ofthe frames of the anels. These ames areeasil handled and) enable us to divide the broeder in as many parts as desired.

The shape of the broeder rovides for the use of trap doors for eig t yards. The chicks can be confined in either compartment of the yard while the others are being thus be kept moving continual] When the brooders are a poultry raising plant and the the plant necessitates man group them preferabl as sli part of a big magnitude of brooders, we own in Fig. 9.

VEach brooder 92 is p aoed in the center of a yard 93 surrounded the bottom and larger yard has shape as the broeder. L

The yards are grouped'as shown by Fig. 9 so that between them we provide' the relatively narrow alleys or walks 94 in the transversevor crosswise direction and 95 in the longitudinal or lengthwise direction. Every 96 'is made wider, making t em particularly easy of access. In' all the alleys, Wide or narrowrthe ground is prepared to prevent the spread of disease and thecontamination` of one yard by other. The walks permit the caretakers and attendants to-free y move about the yard. Broken s'tones or coal ashes, mixed with antiseptics, are used for paving the walks.

Care must be exercised in the select-ion of the antiseptics lest they become a menace to the chicks by getting into their food. In

`by small wiring at wiring as 'we go the same polygonal -the alleys 96 at every other Octagon there is installed a distributin column 97 for feeding four brooders. onnected to'each of these columns is a fountain with drinkable water fed by pipes buried under the alliiy these columns are harnessed, on the ri ht mans height, carriers o a e axes are indicated by dotted line 100. One carrier supplies the feed, the other is usedfor brin ing coal, removi'n the manure andfo han ling the soil and as es. At the bottom we place a small coal stove 101, supplyin hot air or hot water ior four brooders, whic supply the h eat by underground pipes 192, Wit aubomatlc reguinting valves 103.

We'tnus obtain isolation and separat- ,c of tin; broeders with less chance of epidemics. 'Lhe cost of operation and labor are reduced and left at a known, system.

'are attached to every second and at :be same time it looks attractive, neat, clean, and agreeable to visitors.

It is understood that supplies, such as water, food and fuel, altho brought from the squa re adjacent to brooders are not distributed automatically bymec anical means, but by the skilled attendants.

In transforming the colony house into a laying house, the central heat plant can be discontinued, when other sources of heat such as natural heat in season, me available. In very cold weather the central heating plant furnishes an ample dev of heat, necessary for the well being of t e foilvl.l

ien using natural heat, during the laying season, a stand ofnests can be placed ln the center, as indicated in Figures 12 and 13, occupying the positions marked by heavy dotted lines 110 on Figures I1 and 2st` In the form of the lnvention illustrated these stands have two storiesor platforms of sixteen nests in all or eight on each .platform. These 4stands are composed of ei ht elements 112, all alike, which can be rapi assembled or dismounted, bein in pairs by means of keys to te postsll13. Each element or unit includes a. panel`114 which separates the adjoining nests on the same Hoor, the panel being fastened tothe posts 113 and being shorter than tlie posts so as to leave the feet of the posts free, with spaces between, thru which the fowls can pass and thus have free access to their nests, y jumping or flying upward thru ythe oentral opening.

means of stri s' orizontal boards Thehoards 116 st 113. These boards are also attachedl to e neigh' boring panel when the eight elements of the stand are assembled.

Small upright boards 117 are fastened to thc flooring 116 and complete each unit. The posts or upri hts rest on the floor 8. The stand is comp flooring 118 resting on the uprlg ts, and with a cone 119 edged by strips 120.

The an le of theincline of the cone is such as to hin er the fowls from roostin on it.

The dimensions adopted are suc that if found desirable the cone 59 over the plant can be used to fill the pu ose of the cone 119. The floor 118 has a ho e 12 used to ventilate the stand of nests in comb ation with the chimney 122.

The stand has four stories and 32 c ompartments, 8 per floor. The upper portions 123 of each pair of these compartments are tobe used as nests. They are continually o cned at 124 on the side toward the center o? the stand. Thru these `ipenings 124 the chickens enter the nests aided by the use vof the woodenstrps auch as 125, resting on The panels 114 carry 115 secured to the panels, 116 securedto the strips.

connectible" eted by coverin it with'y heating terior of the stand.

brackets 126 which are parts of the panels 114 or attached to them.

Toward the outside each nest is closed by a. mobile panel, a door, such as 127 playing on hinges 128 fastened on the lower edge, this door closing against the uprights 113 and the strips 129.

The nest itself consists of a hollow plaster block 130 made afterthe stand is in place. Such blocks can be made over again every season when thenests are taken apart.

The plaster block is nest-shaped, and before the plaster becomes hard tobacco stems are placed in it. When dry and hard the stems are bent to take the shape of the nest. A few pieces of camphor are also placed in the plaster as a protection against vermin.

At the bottom and center ofthe basin a hole 131 is left to correspond with a hole132 made in the board 116. These holes are sufficiently large to permit the newlylaid egg to roll and fall into compartment below 133. Y

An artificial egg is sealed for about one'- third of its size, into the plaster.

The compartment 133 is completely enclosed by boards 117, arranged in the in- 'Ihey open on the outside by doors 134 with hinges 135. These doors are used to gather the eggs from the comdpartments 133.

On the bottom 133 is lai a coating of laster 136 treated as were the nests, but instead of .being hollow, is convex and covered by any kind of cushion, thus forcing the egg to roll away from the hole 131 without breaking.

Referring now to the construction of the fences, which are made of panels easy to erect, .to demount and to reset, and which separate the brooders and the yards into compartments, and constitute also the enclosure of the yard.

For the separation of the`brooders 89, We attach the wiring to frames 150, formed of round, bent and curved iron, varying its shape according to the heating apparatus in use. The frame runs radially from thc heating equipments to the fenceall mourited on a wooden frame which is attached a ainst the plant boxes and the soil boards. T e iron frame 150 is held in place by a few screws 152 to the floor 8 of the structure. It is very easy to demount and change. In the example illustrated the frame 150 follows the outline of the stove 74 and/of its sand pun 73. It rises almost to the height of the flower boxes; that is to say, high enough to.prevent the baby chicks from changing compartments and yet low enough for the caretaker to step over from one compartment into the next. The wire panel is composed of two distinct parts 153 and 154 assembled together by two hinges 155 allowing part 154 to fold back on part 153 when desirable to move or raise the cone 59.

A pivoted `latch 156 when lowered, holds the two parts ofthe fence in line.

Referring now to the fence separating and enclosing the yards, this fence is mounted as the preceding onev on bent, round iron curved frames 157 (Figures 17 and 18) which are themselves carried by iron tube framings. These framings can be easily mounted and demounted with everythin pertaining to them. For this purpose eac framing is composedof two horizontal tubes 158 and 159 Vsecured at their extreme ends to cast iron sockets, consisting of two bolted parts 160,161, 162, 163v which are made to it the angles between the frames forming the octagonal contour of the yards.

These sockets hold the horizontal tubes to the vertical tubes. Each vertical tube is composed of two half tubes 164 and 165 held together by bolts 166. To take them apart it is only necessary to loosen the sockets 161 to 163 and to unscrew the bolts '166. One half of the tube forms partof the one frame, and the other half is part of the next frame.

One half of a ,tube 164 extends lower than.

the half 165 and this lowery part takes the shape of a complete tube into which is forced the end 167 of a cast iron stem 183 (Fi 20). This is tapered or pointed and casi y penetrates the soil. rA flat iron part 168 is screwed to the two parts 164 and 165 f.

169. The frame 157 is screwed to the half tubes 165, 164 by screws 170. These need not be unscrewed when taking down the fence but can be unscrewed to facilitate repairing the frame. The frames are attaclied to the horizontal tubes by spring ieu clasps 171 (Fig. 19), tightened by a bolt 172 which need not be taken apart when dismountng. Above the upper horizontal tube 159 of each frame is placed a4 frame of round iron, 173, filled preferabl with coarse netting. This frame is place leanin toward the yard and prevents the chi ens from iiying above the enclosure of the yards. These frames are attached toA the tubes 159 by clasps 171, and arc connected with thin wires 174 after setting them up, The frames 173 can be shaped Hat orcurved as at 175. The doors used to go Vinto the yards or to go from one compartment into another are illustrated in Fig. 15. The door itself is'made of `a framing of iron tubing 176, assembled b standard connections 177 into which are `lyaced the wire frames with circlets 179 of t in wire. The door is Vprovided with two' hinges 180 and the lock 181.

The plates 168 make it unnecessary toy con-| nect, abovethe door, the

as new and desire to seu fcure by Letters Patent is:

.-,f ing its sides an seetionsfone of. the sides having a 2o permit the entrance of v. t-,yltijal heater within the house for heating ;lA,coinbincd ybroeder and greenhouse Acomprising a house for raising chicks, the house being of olygonal shape, and lievroof formed of se arable door to the attendant a it, a plurality of boxes arranged aroun ythe inside of the house/and adjacent to the sidesfor ,receiving soil for, growing plants,

,i neans' for supporting said boxes out of '"below said boxes -an ,".reach of the chicks, and radial division pii'iiiils'4 extending from said. boxes to said heater Aeach of said panels rising above Asad. ioor` the to s 'of the anels being i d the height of the l panels perinitting the attendant step .over

l .1 'Avbombined broeder `and eenhouse L comprising a house of poly ona shape for f of window boxes for growing raising chicks,' said house aving a door permitting the entrance of an attendant, a "central heater within said house, said heater being spaced from the sides of the house2 a plurality of boxes arranged around the 1nside of the house one at each side and adapted to receive soil for means for su porting sai boxes out of .reac'livof'thc c licks, and means for providing a soil compartment on the door o'f said house beneath said boxes, adapted to grow rain. 'g 3. A convertible combined broader, greenhouse and iaying house comprising a po,- lygoiial booth with a plurality of sides, one of the sides havinu a door admitting an attendant, a central ieatin apparatus within said booth, said heater eing spaced from the sides and means carried by said' sidcs for support-ing above the loor a plurality plants, one for cach side, said boxes being arranged upon the inside and around the sides of the said house, division plates between s aid heater und said boxes, nach of said lplates being of a height that will permit t c attendant to step over it, anda centrnll arranged movable canopy with inclin top above said healer, sai canopy extending to Said division plates.

t the details off rowing plants,

4, A combined broeder and greenhouse for raising chicks, comprising a buildin with polyglonal -sides, each 'side provided with a win ow and the said'sides bein connectible ,so asY to form the wallof the ouse, each side rovided with a window -box ad.. jacentto tic window and on the inside 0f the house adapted to grow plants, means for supporting said boxes ou't ,of reach of the chicks, and a stove centrally located within the house for heating it, said stove being spaced from' the sides sons to permit space for tlicA chicks and the attendant.

'-5. A combined broeder and greenhouse made up of apliirallty of radial sections, each section comprisin aside carrying a window, a triangular oor-piece and a. triangular rooting unit,

the attendant, and meenam-ii the sections so as toforin 6. A combined broodliii'i' house made up of a plurality of `sections, each section comprising a'side -carryin a window, box supports whiQhie ida. to servo as -percheskbeneath saidfnindws, a removable ,Window box folf'so'il udjantto said window, mounteduppiigidsilppl'ts, a triangular Hoor-piece and-"gftriangular roofing unit, the sections being ada ted-to geasseniblvd so as to form a po ygonal 06th. f i

17. A combined broeder nd 'greenhouse builtin sections so as to form a polygonal booth when assembled, each section coinpi'ising a radial floor'section, a side frame :ind u triangular roofing frame, each side frame carrvmg a window and stripslserv-Y mg as porches and as 'window box supports, and a removable window box and means for rletacmbly securing adjacent side frames together. V

8, A combined broeder and greenhousecomprising a buildin with polygonal exterior, com .irising a p uralit of sides, each side provi ed with a win ow, means for hinging said window at the bottom so as to swing on a horizontal axisl and toward the inside of the house, `the said sides being connrrtililc so as bo form the wall of the house, and one or more of the sides provided 'with windowbox supports formin porches und a window box carried b sai supports and below the window for rowing plants.

9. A combined broeder and greenhouse made up of a plurality of radial sections, each section comprisin" a side carryin a window, said window bein pivotedvbe ow on a horizontal axis and aapted tosiving inward, a sectional floor-piece and a'sectional rooting unit, the sections being adapted to bc assembled so as to form a'polygonal booth= each window side carrying perch one of the sections: having a side carrying 'afdoor to admit' `or,i,assembling stripsg'and a plurality ofremovable-.boxes supported by the perch strips for growing plants within the house.

10. A combined brooder and greenhouse made up of a pluraiity of .radial sections, each section comprising 'a side carrying a windowmd one of said sides provided with a door beneath said window, said windows living adapted to `swing inward, a sectional licor-piece and a sectional roofing unit, the set-tiens being adapted to be assembled s0 as to form a polygonal hooth,.each window side carrying perches, and a plurality of removallc boxes carried by the perches for growingr plants within the lionse.

ll. A cmnbined broeder and colony house of polygonal shape built in radial sections, cach section comprising a side frame carrying a window, a roof section and a iioor s'ection and means for converting the brooder into thecolony house comprising a system of removable radial partitions adapted to be mounted npon the floor of the house and to radiate from a zone near the center to a zone nearthe periphery of the house, the height of thepartitions being such so as to permit the attendant to step over them.

12. A combined brooder and colony house of polygonal shape built in radial sections, cach section comprising a side frame carrylng :n.window, a roof section and a Hoor section and means forconverting the broeder into the colonyhouse comprising a system of radial partitions adapted to be mounted upon the Hoor of the house and radiate from a zone near the center to a zone near the periphery of the house, one section rovided with a door for permitting the chickens to pass from the house into the yard.

13. VA combined broeder and greenhouse of polygonal shape whose outside wall comprises a plurality of sectional frames adapted to be connected together at their adjacent sides. Supports attached to one or more o said side walls, means for supporting removable boxes for rowing plants and also serving. as perches or the fowls after the removal of the boxes.' 14. A combined broodcr and greenhouse said supports serving as a made in'setions adapted to be assembled 60 and disassembled so as to give the house a polygonal furla when assembled, cach section comprising a side frame, perch and window box supports carried by. the .side frames a roof portion and a tions radiating from a central' axis -and means for joining the centers of said roof and floor portions, said means comprising a center plate with which the inner ends of the floor portion, said secroof portions connect and a floor centerpiece with which the inner ends of the iioor portions connect.V

15. A combined brooder and greenhouse, which can be transformed into a. colony house and into a laying house, center of the house, a plurality' of dividin frames for dividing the brooder into radis. compartments, to convert it into a colony l1ouse,`each of said frames car ing a. nettinv, said framesbein remo'vzlibv to ille door of the brooer and bein shaped to conform at thcirinner ends to .t estove;

each of said frames rising above said ioor to a height permitting the attendant to step over' them. I y

16. A polygonal broeder made up of a plurality of radial sections, eachV section excepting one including a. side carryin a window, the remainin side carrying?. goor a stove at the l securedfor the attendant, eac isection also mclud- 30 ing a triangular floor-piece anda triangular roofing unit and bolts and cotter-pins for assembling and tightenin the sections.

In testimony whereo we have signed' our names to this specification.

LEON SAUVE. Lucien ARDIN. 

